✚ Pope Reviews · № 176
Innocent III
Lotario de' Conti di Segni · 1198 – 1216 · 18 yrs · died
The most powerful pope there has been. Kings answered his letters promptly.
Did
- Called the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), which defined transubstantiation and required annual confession.
- Approved the Franciscans and Dominicans.
- Placed England under interdict and made King John his vassal.
Didn't
- Control the Fourth Crusade, which he launched; it sacked Constantinople instead of Jerusalem in 1204 and he was furious.
From the record
Pope Innocent III was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 until his death in 1216.
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